Class10th Note making NCERT SOLUTION (वार्षिक परीक्षा के लिये सबसे महत्वपूर्ण Note + making )

- नवंबर 23, 2023

NOTE MAKING
Read the following passage carefully and make notes on them also give a suitable title to them.

Passage-1

Man is made up of many, qualities, both good and bad, and among the latter is anger. The nature of every human being is such that anything that gives offense to his sentiments or goes against his principles, excites his anger. The evils which result from anger are many. Under its influence, a man loses his power of reasoning and judgment. Not being able to retain control over himself when angry, he does not know what he is doing or saying. Under its influence, a man puts off his balance to the extent that he forgets his duty towards his superiors and may even say things which are extremely insulting to them.

Passage-2

Speech is a great blessing, but it can also be a great curse, for, while it helps us to make our intention and desires known to fellows, it can also, if we use it carelessly, make our attitude completely misunderstood. A slip of the tongue, the use of an unusual word, or of an ambiguous word, and so on, may create an enemy where we had hoped to win a friend. Again, different classes of people use different vocabularies, and the ordinary speech of an educated man may strike an uneducated listener as showing pride; unwillingly we may use a word which bears a different meaning to our listener from what it does to men of our own class. Thus, speech is not a gift to use lightly without thought but one which demands careful handling.

Passage-3

Discipline is necessary in life. A man without discipline can achieve nothing worthwhile in life. Discipline is the very condition of progress, stability and strength. Discipline is necessary in all walks of human life. Without discipline there will be disorders and lawlessness in a civilized society. We cannot live without having some regards for the welfare of others. Respect for authority is the basis of discipline. Children must obey their parents. In schools and colleges, there must be discipline, otherwise education will suffer. We find evidence of discipline all around us even in the world of nature and the world of animal, discipline loses nothing but it wins a lot. Discipline helps us to safeguard our interests and restrains us from missing our liberty.

Passage-4
Chameleons can make their skin colour change, but not because they decide to. The colour changes to help the chameleon avoid its enemies. It is a form of camouflage, a disguise that lets it blend in with its surroundings. The change is determined by environmental factors, such as light and temperature. Bright sunlight causes the skin to darken. On cool nights, the colour fades to a creamy colour. The colour also changes when chameleons are excited, angry or afraid. The colour change is rapid and increases when the chameleon is handled, injured, or approached by another chameleon. There are many types of chameleons. Almost half of them are found on the African island of Madagascar. The others mostly occur in the Sahara Desert, with few in Western Asia and Southern Europe. Chameleons live in trees, where they usually eat insects. Very large chameleons may even use their sticky tongues to catch birds.

Passage-5

The heart is one of the most vital components of the human body. The heart of the human body has the continuous job to keep oxygen-rich blood flowing through the body. All the body’s cells need a constant supply of oxygen, particularly in the brain. The brain cells live only four to five minutes after the oxygen is cut off and death comes to the entire body. Heart disease can result from damage to the heart muscles, the valves or the pacemaker. If the muscle is damaged, the heart is unable to pump properly. If the valves are damaged, blood cannot flow normally. Dr. John Gibbon of U.S.A. developed a machine in 1953 that could take over temporarily from the heart. Surgeons had the chance to repair or replace a defective heart. Many patients have had plastic valves inserted in their hearts when their hearts were faulty. Many people are now being kept alive with tiny battery-operated pacemakers.

Passage-6

Crude mineral oil comes out of the earth as a thick brown or black liquid with a strong smell. It is a complex mixture of many different substances, each with its own individual qualities. Most of them are combinations of hydrogen and carbon in varying proportions. Such hydrocarbons are also found in other forms such as bitumen, asphalt and natural gas. Mineral oil originates from the carcasses of tiny animals and from plants that live in the sea. Over millions of years, these dead creatures form large deposits under sea-bed and ocean currents cover them with a blanket of sand and silt. As this material hardens, it becomes sedimentary rock and effectively shuts out the oxygen, thus preventing the complete decomposition of the marine deposit’s underneath. The layers of sedimentary rocks become thicker, and heavier. Their pressure produces heat, which transforms the tiny carcasses into crude oil in a process that is still going on today

Passage-7

Although speech is the most advanced form of communication, there are many ways of communicating without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols and gestures may be found in every known culture. The basic function of a signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way that it attracts attention, as for example, the dots and dashes of a telegraph circuit. Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication is very great. Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also contain meaning in and of themselves. A stop sign, for example, conveys meaning quickly and conveniently. Symbols are more difficult to describe than either signals or signs because of their intricate relationship with the receiver’s cultural perceptions. In some cultures, applauding in a theatre provides performers with an auditory symbol of approval. Gestures such as waving and handshaking also communicate certain cultural messages. Although signals, signs, symbols and gestures are very useful, they do have a major disadvantage. They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the sender being directly adjacent to the receiver. As a result, means of communication intended to be used for long distances and extended periods are based upon speech. Radio, television and the telephone are only a few of such means.

Passage-8

Fat comes in two types; Omega-3 which is found in marine life and Omega-6 which is concentrated in vegetable oils. The first is good, the other is plain rotten. The best source of Omega-3 is preferably sea-fish. But frying it in Omega-6 rich vegetable oil kills all its goodness. Ageing brains have low levels of thiamine, which is concentrated in wheat germ and bran, nuts, meat and cereals. More good brain-food comes from liver, milk and almonds, which are rich in riboflavin and extremely good for memory. Carotene, available in deep green leafy vegetables and fruits, is also good for geriatric brains. So is a high iron diet; it can make old brains gallop hyperactively like young ones. Ironcomes from greens; liver shell-fish, red meat and soybeans. Seas-food, very high in iron, is an excellent diet supplement. The New England Journal of Medicine reported in its May, 1985 issue that 30 grams of fish a day could result in a dramatic drop in the chances of acquiring cardiovascular diseases. Sea fish, particularly shell-fish, crabs, mackerel and sardines, are more effective than riverine fish because the latter is more vulnerable to chemical effluents.